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AI Automation Index
Will AI Replace Stone Cutters and Carvers, Manufacturing?
Task-level automation exposure for Stone Cutters and Carvers, Manufacturing: 14 O*NET tasks scored against their work activities, plus the simulator.
E-E-A-T Verified
Developed & audited by Gini Loh Automation Exposure
19%
weighted task index
14 of 14 tasks scored
Median Salary
$46,170 / year
BLS OEWS, May 2025 — this exact occupation
Employment Level
Medium
33,190 people hold this job — size, not growth
Projected 2025–35
+5.8%
employment change
5,100 openings a year · BLS line item
Pay by state
BLS OEWS publishes 48 state estimates for this occupation. Each is its own survey estimate, not the national median adjusted for local prices.
$35,620 – $57,860
Highest medians
Montana $57,860
Hawaii $55,990
Oregon $52,740
Connecticut $52,520
Washington $51,780
Lowest medians
Arkansas $35,620
Alabama $36,730
Wyoming $37,510
Mississippi $37,580
North Carolina $38,190
State figures come from the 51-9195 row in the May 2025 state panel. States where the estimate was suppressed or too small to publish are absent.
What the score is made of
Each task is mapped to its work activities, scored for AI automation potential, and weighted by how important those activities are to the job. These are the components.
Automation potential 19%
Importance-weighted mean of the scored tasks. This is the headline index.
Physical work 70%
Share of weighted tasks in hands-on or machine-operating work activities.
Judgment & influence 7%
Share in analysis, decisions, teaching, directing, advising, or caring for others.
Routine administration 0%
Share in documenting, recording, and administrative activities.
Rewritten by O*NET 0%
Share of weighted tasks O*NET rewrote in a recent update. Reported, not folded into the score.
Consequence of error 38/100
Moderate
O*NET's own rating of how serious an uncorrectable mistake would be here — respondents, not us. Deliberately not in the index: the score measures what AI can do with the task content, and multiplying it by stakes would be our judgment dressed as data.
Constituent Task Mix
14 tasks for this occupation, weighted by work-activity importance. Shares below are of total task weight, not task count.
High exposure (≥ 60% of the task is automatable) 5%
1 tasks
Medium exposure (≥ 35%) 7%
1 tasks
Low exposure (below 35%) 88%
12 tasks
How would you survive?
Move your week away from the high-exposure tasks and toward the ones that need judgment. The simulator recalculates the index as you shift the mix.
Simulate Upskilling →Constituent Tasks
#12619 · Core · 10% automatable
Shape, trim, or touch up roughed-out designs with appropriate tools to finish carvings.
physical manipulation — Engraving requires controlled hand tool operation
Trim excess material from workpieces. Engrave designs, text, or other markings onto materials, workpieces, or products.
#12615 · Core · 28% automatable
Verify depths and dimensions of cuts or carvings to ensure adherence to specifications, blueprints, or models, using measuring instruments.
physical manipulation — Hands-on dimensional measurement of workpieces
Measure dimensions of completed products or workpieces to verify conformance to specifications.
#12621 · Core · 25% automatable
Move fingers over surfaces of carvings to ensure smoothness of finish.
visual inspection — Finish inspection is physical/sensory quality check
Inspect finishes of workpieces or finished products.
#12616 · Core · 8% automatable
Lay out designs or dimensions from sketches or blueprints on stone surfaces, freehand or by transferring them from tracing paper, using scribes or chalk and measuring instruments.
physical manipulation — Drawing guide lines on materials is hands-on
Draw guide lines or markings on materials or workpieces using patterns or other references.
#12618 · Core · 12% automatable
Drill holes and cut or carve moldings and grooves in stone, according to diagrams and patterns.
physical manipulation — Engraving requires controlled hand tool operation
Engrave designs, text, or other markings onto materials, workpieces, or products. Drill holes in parts, equipment, or materials.
#12626 · Core · 9% automatable
Remove or add stencils during blasting to create differing cut depths, intricate designs, or rough, pitted finishes.
physical manipulation — Attaching accessories requires manual fitting
Remove accessories, tools, or other parts from equipment. Attach decorative or functional accessories to products.
#12623 · Core · 12% automatable
Guide nozzles over stone, following stencil outlines, or chip along marks to create designs or to work surfaces down to specified finishes.
physical manipulation — Engraving requires controlled hand tool operation
Engrave designs, text, or other markings onto materials, workpieces, or products.
#12614 · Core · 12% automatable
Carve designs or figures in full or bas relief on stone, employing knowledge of stone carving techniques and sense of artistry to produce carvings consistent with designers' plans.
physical manipulation — Engraving requires controlled hand tool operation
Engrave designs, text, or other markings onto materials, workpieces, or products.
#12620 · Core · 55% automatable
Select chisels, pneumatic or surfacing tools, or sandblasting nozzles, and determine sequence of use.
decision support — Equipment selection against specs; human verifies fit
Select production equipment according to product specifications.
#12628 · Supplemental · 4% automatable
Load sandblasting equipment with abrasives, attach nozzles to hoses, and turn valves to admit compressed air and activate jets.
physical manipulation — Hands-on loading of materials into equipment
Load materials into production equipment.
#12622 · Supplemental · 12% automatable
Carve rough designs freehand or by chipping along marks on stone, using mallets and chisels or pneumatic tools.
physical manipulation — Engraving requires controlled hand tool operation
Engrave designs, text, or other markings onto materials, workpieces, or products.
#12624 · Supplemental · 8% automatable
Cut, shape, and finish rough blocks of building or monumental stone, according to diagrams or patterns.
physical manipulation — Hands-on industrial material cutting
Cut industrial materials in preparation for fabrication or processing.
#12617 · Supplemental · 66% automatable
Study artistic objects or graphic materials, such as models, sketches, or blueprints, to plan carving or cutting techniques.
visual inspection — Blueprints need spatial reading, human verifies sequence
Review blueprints or other instructions to determine operational methods or sequences.
#12625 · Supplemental · 8% automatable
Smooth surfaces of carvings, using rubbing stones.
physical manipulation — Manual polishing of workpieces requires dexterity
Polish materials, workpieces, or finished products.
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How this was scored
- 1. Tasks. O*NET task statements for this occupation, from a release whose newest record is dated 08/2026.
- 2. Work activities. Each task maps to 1–5 Detailed Work Activities; each activity belongs to one of 41 Generalized Work Activities that O*NET rates for importance (1–5) in this occupation.
- 3. Automation potential. Every work activity carries one score for how far current AI can perform it end-to-end. Tasks inherit the mean of their activities.
- 4. Weighting. Task weight = 0.35 + 0.65 × (importance − 1)/4, scaled by how often the task is performed and by 0.7 for Supplemental tasks. Importance is the task's own O*NET rating where it exists (18,369 of 18,838 tasks); the rest inherit their work activities' importance. The index is the weighted mean.
Check: across the 910 occupations where O*NET also rates how far machine speed sets the pace, this index moves opposite to it (Spearman ρ = -0.49). The more a job is paced by equipment, the less of its task content AI can address — the relationship you would expect if the scoring is working.
Sources · O*NET 31.0 (task records to 08/2026) · BLS OEWS May 2025 · BLS projections 2025-2035 · rubric v2.1 · tasks for O*NET, not a forecast
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