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AI Automation Index
Will AI Replace Labor Relations Specialists?
Task-level automation exposure for Labor Relations Specialists: 28 O*NET tasks scored against their work activities, plus the simulator.
E-E-A-T Verified
Developed & audited by Gini Loh Automation Exposure
37%
weighted task index
28 of 28 tasks scored
Median Salary
$95,420 / year
BLS OEWS, May 2025 — this exact occupation
Employment Level
Medium
64,810 people hold this job — size, not growth
Projected 2025–35
+2.1%
employment change
4,800 openings a year · BLS line item
Pay by state
BLS OEWS publishes 52 state estimates for this occupation. Each is its own survey estimate, not the national median adjusted for local prices.
$48,120 – $118,370
Highest medians
New Jersey $118,370
District of Columbia $115,600
Massachusetts $111,260
California $105,810
Illinois $104,180
Lowest medians
Alabama $48,120
South Dakota $57,900
Puerto Rico $58,830
Utah $61,190
Arkansas $62,070
State figures come from the 13-1075 row in the May 2025 state panel. States where the estimate was suppressed or too small to publish are absent.
What the score is made of
Each task is mapped to its work activities, scored for AI automation potential, and weighted by how important those activities are to the job. These are the components.
Automation potential 37%
Importance-weighted mean of the scored tasks. This is the headline index.
Physical work 0%
Share of weighted tasks in hands-on or machine-operating work activities.
Judgment & influence 20%
Share in analysis, decisions, teaching, directing, advising, or caring for others.
Routine administration 2%
Share in documenting, recording, and administrative activities.
Rewritten by O*NET 0%
Share of weighted tasks O*NET rewrote in a recent update. Reported, not folded into the score.
Consequence of error 11/100
Low
O*NET's own rating of how serious an uncorrectable mistake would be here — respondents, not us. Deliberately not in the index: the score measures what AI can do with the task content, and multiplying it by stakes would be our judgment dressed as data.
Constituent Task Mix
28 tasks for this occupation, weighted by work-activity importance. Shares below are of total task weight, not task count.
High exposure (≥ 60% of the task is automatable) 12%
4 tasks
Medium exposure (≥ 35%) 33%
10 tasks
Low exposure (below 35%) 54%
14 tasks
How would you survive?
Move your week away from the high-exposure tasks and toward the ones that need judgment. The simulator recalculates the index as you shift the mix.
Simulate Upskilling →Constituent Tasks
#18886 · Core · 20% automatable
Negotiate collective bargaining agreements.
interpersonal — Collective bargaining is high-stakes live negotiation
Arrange collective bargaining agreements.
#18883 · Core · 45% automatable
Investigate and evaluate union complaints or arguments to determine viability.
decision support — Judgment on personnel adherence needs human accountability
Evaluate personnel practices to ensure adherence to regulations.
#18890 · Core · 20% automatable
Propose resolutions for collective bargaining or other labor or contract negotiations.
interpersonal — Collective bargaining is high-stakes live negotiation
Arrange collective bargaining agreements.
#18879 · Core · 20% automatable
Draft contract proposals or counter-proposals for collective bargaining or other labor negotiations.
interpersonal — Collective bargaining is high-stakes live negotiation
Arrange collective bargaining agreements.
#18882 · Core · 20% automatable
Interpret contractual agreements for employers and employees engaged in collective bargaining or other labor relations processes.
interpersonal — Collective bargaining is high-stakes live negotiation
Arrange collective bargaining agreements.
#18900 · Core · 30% automatable
Prepare evidence for disciplinary hearings, including preparing witnesses to testify.
physical manipulation — Evidence collection is fieldwork with chain of custody
Collect evidence for legal proceedings.
#18884 · Core · 32% automatable
Mediate discussions between employer and employee representatives in attempt to reconcile differences.
interpersonal — Dispute settlement needs live facilitation and authority
Negotiate agreements to resolve disputes.
#18893 · Core · 45% automatable
Review employer practices or employee data to ensure compliance with contracts on matters such as wages, hours, or conditions of employment.
decision support — Judgment on personnel adherence needs human accountability
Evaluate personnel practices to ensure adherence to regulations.
#18891 · Core · 20% automatable
Recommend collective bargaining strategies, goals, or objectives.
interpersonal — Collective bargaining is high-stakes live negotiation
Arrange collective bargaining agreements.
#18885 · Core · 45% automatable
Monitor company or workforce adherence to labor agreements.
decision support — Judgment on personnel adherence needs human accountability
Evaluate personnel practices to ensure adherence to regulations.
#18878 · Core · 32% automatable
Call or meet with union, company, government, or other interested parties to discuss labor relations matters, such as contract negotiations or grievances.
interpersonal — Dispute settlement needs live facilitation and authority
Negotiate agreements to resolve disputes.
#18896 · Core · 60% automatable
Assess risk levels associated with collective bargaining strategies.
decision support — Risk assessment needs organizational context and judgment
Assess risks to business operations.
#18889 · Core · 20% automatable
Present the position of the company or of labor during arbitration or other labor negotiations.
interpersonal — Collective bargaining is high-stakes live negotiation
Arrange collective bargaining agreements.
#18881 · Core · 20% automatable
Identify alternatives to proposals of unions, employees, companies, or government agencies.
interpersonal — Collective bargaining is high-stakes live negotiation
Arrange collective bargaining agreements.
#18880 · Core · 20% automatable
Draft rules or regulations to govern collective bargaining activities in collaboration with company, government, or employee representatives.
interpersonal — Collective bargaining is high-stakes live negotiation
Arrange collective bargaining agreements.
#18902 · Core · 80% automatable
Research case law or outcomes of previous case hearings.
information retrieval — AI tracks regulatory changes; human confirms applicability
Update knowledge of legal or regulatory environments.
#18895 · Core · 20% automatable
Write letters related to labor relations activities, such as letters to amend collective bargaining agreements, letters of dispute or conciliation, or letters to seek clarification of contract terms.
interpersonal — Collective bargaining is high-stakes live negotiation
Arrange collective bargaining agreements.
#18894 · Core · 40% automatable
Schedule or coordinate the details of grievance hearings or other meetings.
decision support — Planning aided; on-site execution is human
Organize special events.
#18892 · Core · 45% automatable
Review and approve employee disciplinary actions, such as written reprimands, suspensions, or terminations.
decision support — Judgment on personnel adherence needs human accountability
Evaluate personnel practices to ensure adherence to regulations.
#18903 · Core · 20% automatable
Select mediators or arbitrators for labor disputes or contract negotiations.
interpersonal — Collective bargaining is high-stakes live negotiation
Arrange collective bargaining agreements.
#18897 · Supplemental · 70% automatable
Assess the impact of union proposals on company or government operations.
data analysis — Strategy metrics analyzable; judgment on effectiveness human
Measure effectiveness of business strategies or practices.
#18877 · Supplemental · 55% automatable
Advise management on matters related to the administration of contracts or employee discipline or grievance procedures.
interpersonal — HR advice sensitive; accountability and context human
Advise others on human resources topics.
#18904 · Supplemental · 48% automatable
Train managers or supervisors on topics related to labor relations, such as working conditions, safety, or equal opportunity practices.
interpersonal — Managerial training content draftable, facilitation is human
Train personnel on managerial topics.
#18901 · Supplemental · 15% automatable
Provide expert testimony in legal proceedings related to labor relations or labor contracts.
interpersonal — Testimony carries legal accountability and live presence
Testify at legal or legislative proceedings.
#18898 · Supplemental · 55% automatable
Develop employee health and safety policies.
decision support — AI drafts guidelines; authority and context are human
Establish organizational guidelines or policies.
#18899 · Supplemental · 55% automatable
Develop methods to monitor employee satisfaction with policies or working conditions, including grievance or complaint procedures.
decision support — AI drafts methods; human owns business judgment
Establish business management methods.
#18888 · Supplemental · 50% automatable
Prepare reports or presentations to communicate employee satisfaction or related data to management.
interpersonal — Business presentations are live persuasive human work
Present business-related information to audiences.
#18887 · Supplemental · 70% automatable
Prepare and submit required governmental reports or forms related to labor relations matters, such as equal employment opportunity (EEO) forms, new hire forms, or minority compensation reports.
text generation — Draft regulatory docs; human owns compliance
Prepare regulatory or compliance documentation.
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How this was scored
- 1. Tasks. O*NET task statements for this occupation, from a release whose newest record is dated 08/2026.
- 2. Work activities. Each task maps to 1–5 Detailed Work Activities; each activity belongs to one of 41 Generalized Work Activities that O*NET rates for importance (1–5) in this occupation.
- 3. Automation potential. Every work activity carries one score for how far current AI can perform it end-to-end. Tasks inherit the mean of their activities.
- 4. Weighting. Task weight = 0.35 + 0.65 × (importance − 1)/4, scaled by how often the task is performed and by 0.7 for Supplemental tasks. Importance is the task's own O*NET rating where it exists (18,369 of 18,838 tasks); the rest inherit their work activities' importance. The index is the weighted mean.
Check: across the 910 occupations where O*NET also rates how far machine speed sets the pace, this index moves opposite to it (Spearman ρ = -0.49). The more a job is paced by equipment, the less of its task content AI can address — the relationship you would expect if the scoring is working.
Sources · O*NET 31.0 (task records to 08/2026) · BLS OEWS May 2025 · BLS projections 2025-2035 · rubric v2.1 · tasks for O*NET, not a forecast
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