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AI Automation Index
Will AI Replace Cement Masons and Concrete Finishers?
Task-level automation exposure for Cement Masons and Concrete Finishers: 26 O*NET tasks scored against their work activities, plus the simulator.
E-E-A-T Verified
Developed & audited by Gini Loh Automation Exposure
9%
weighted task index
26 of 26 tasks scored
Median Salary
$57,020 / year
BLS OEWS, May 2025 — this exact occupation
Employment Level
High
206,170 people hold this job — size, not growth
Projected 2025–35
+1.6%
employment change
13,600 openings a year · BLS line item
Pay by state
BLS OEWS publishes 53 state estimates for this occupation. Each is its own survey estimate, not the national median adjusted for local prices.
$29,000 – $95,890
Highest medians
Hawaii $95,890
Alaska $92,960
Illinois $78,170
Washington $77,520
Oregon $68,530
Lowest medians
Puerto Rico $29,000
Guam $35,140
Mississippi $43,980
Alabama $44,720
Oklahoma $45,750
State figures come from the 47-2051 row in the May 2025 state panel. States where the estimate was suppressed or too small to publish are absent.
What the score is made of
Each task is mapped to its work activities, scored for AI automation potential, and weighted by how important those activities are to the job. These are the components.
Automation potential 9%
Importance-weighted mean of the scored tasks. This is the headline index.
Physical work 85%
Share of weighted tasks in hands-on or machine-operating work activities.
Judgment & influence 5%
Share in analysis, decisions, teaching, directing, advising, or caring for others.
Routine administration 0%
Share in documenting, recording, and administrative activities.
Rewritten by O*NET 0%
Share of weighted tasks O*NET rewrote in a recent update. Reported, not folded into the score.
Consequence of error 44/100
Moderate
O*NET's own rating of how serious an uncorrectable mistake would be here — respondents, not us. Deliberately not in the index: the score measures what AI can do with the task content, and multiplying it by stakes would be our judgment dressed as data.
Constituent Task Mix
26 tasks for this occupation, weighted by work-activity importance. Shares below are of total task weight, not task count.
High exposure (≥ 60% of the task is automatable) 0%
0 tasks
Medium exposure (≥ 35%) 0%
0 tasks
Low exposure (below 35%) 100%
26 tasks
How would you survive?
Move your week away from the high-exposure tasks and toward the ones that need judgment. The simulator recalculates the index as you shift the mix.
Simulate Upskilling →Constituent Tasks
#7047 · Core · 20% automatable
Check the forms that hold the concrete to see that they are properly constructed.
visual inspection — Installation inspection requires on-site physical check
Inspect completed work to ensure proper installation.
#7048 · Core · 8% automatable
Set the forms that hold concrete to the desired pitch and depth, and align them.
physical manipulation — Manual placement and alignment of forms on site
Position construction forms or molds.
#7049 · Core · 5% automatable
Spread, level, and smooth concrete, using rake, shovel, hand or power trowel, hand or power screed, and float.
physical manipulation — Manual spreading of concrete and aggregates
Spread concrete or other aggregate mixtures. Finish concrete surfaces.
#7051 · Core · 28% automatable
Monitor how the wind, heat, or cold affect the curing of the concrete throughout the entire process.
visual inspection — Construction oversight requires on-site physical presence
Monitor construction operations.
#7050 · Core · 3% automatable
Mold expansion joints and edges, using edging tools, jointers, and straightedge.
physical manipulation — Skilled hand finishing of concrete surfaces
Finish concrete surfaces.
#7052 · Core · 5% automatable
Signal truck driver to position truck to facilitate pouring concrete, and move chute to direct concrete on forms.
physical manipulation — Directing equipment operators via physical signals
Pour materials into or on designated areas. Signal equipment operators to indicate proper equipment positioning.
#7055 · Core · 20% automatable
Direct the casting of the concrete and supervise laborers who use shovels or special tools to spread it.
interpersonal — Directing crews in the field is human leadership work
Direct construction or extraction personnel.
#7053 · Core · 3% automatable
Produce rough concrete surface, using broom.
physical manipulation — Skilled hand finishing of concrete surfaces
Finish concrete surfaces.
#7061 · Core · 7% automatable
Apply hardening and sealing compounds to cure surface of concrete, and waterproof or restore surface.
physical manipulation — Applying sealants requires hands-on coating
Finish concrete surfaces. Apply sealants or other protective coatings.
#7054 · Core · 7% automatable
Operate power vibrator to compact concrete.
physical manipulation — Operating compaction equipment by hand on site
Compact materials to create level bases.
#7069 · Core · 3% automatable
Install anchor bolts, steel plates, door sills and other fixtures in freshly poured concrete or pattern or stamp the surface to provide a decorative finish.
physical manipulation — Installing fixtures requires manual dexterity
Finish concrete surfaces. Install metal structural components. Install building fixtures.
#7059 · Core · 4% automatable
Wet surface to prepare for bonding, fill holes and cracks with grout or slurry, and smooth, using trowel.
physical manipulation — Applying filler to surfaces is hands-on
Prepare surfaces for finishing. Install masonry materials. Apply material to fill gaps in surfaces.
#7068 · Core · 10% automatable
Waterproof or restore concrete surfaces, using appropriate compounds.
physical manipulation — Applying sealants requires hands-on coating
Apply sealants or other protective coatings.
#7056 · Core · 12% automatable
Mix cement, sand, and water to produce concrete, grout, or slurry, using hoe, trowel, tamper, scraper, or concrete-mixing machine.
physical manipulation — Physical handling of substances in workspace
Mix substances or compounds needed for work activities.
#7062 · Core · 8% automatable
Chip, scrape, and grind high spots, ridges, and rough projections to finish concrete, using pneumatic chisels, power grinders, or hand tools.
physical manipulation — Abrasive hand work on physical surfaces
Smooth surfaces with abrasive materials or tools.
#7057 · Core · 8% automatable
Cut out damaged areas, drill holes for reinforcing rods, and position reinforcing rods to repair concrete, using power saw and drill.
physical manipulation — Drilling construction materials is hands-on tool work
Drill holes in construction materials. Position structural components. Break up rock, asphalt, or concrete.
#7058 · Core · 3% automatable
Wet concrete surface, and rub with stone to smooth surface and obtain specified finish.
physical manipulation — Skilled hand finishing of concrete surfaces
Finish concrete surfaces.
#7060 · Core · 10% automatable
Clean chipped area, using wire brush, and feel and observe surface to determine if it is rough or uneven.
physical manipulation — Surface preparation is hands-on physical work
Clean surfaces in preparation for work activities.
#7064 · Core · 7% automatable
Build wooden molds, and clamp molds around area to be repaired, using hand tools.
physical manipulation — Manual placement and alignment of forms on site
Position construction forms or molds. Build construction forms or molds.
#7065 · Supplemental · 4% automatable
Sprinkle colored marble or stone chips, powdered steel, or coloring powder over surface to produce prescribed finish.
physical manipulation — Hands-on masonry finishing
Apply decorative masonry finishes.
#7067 · Supplemental · 6% automatable
Fabricate concrete beams, columns, and panels.
physical manipulation — Part fabrication requires physical machining and handling
Install masonry materials. Fabricate parts or components.
#7072 · Supplemental · 8% automatable
Polish surface, using polishing or surfacing machine.
physical manipulation — Abrasive hand work on physical surfaces
Smooth surfaces with abrasive materials or tools.
#7066 · Supplemental · 5% automatable
Cut metal division strips, and press them into terrazzo base so that top edges form desired design or pattern.
physical manipulation — Metal cutting with tools, hands-on
Cut metal components for installation. Apply decorative masonry finishes.
#7071 · Supplemental · 4% automatable
Push roller over surface to embed chips in surface.
physical manipulation — Hands-on masonry finishing
Apply decorative masonry finishes.
#7070 · Supplemental · 10% automatable
Apply muriatic acid to clean surface, and rinse with water.
physical manipulation — Surface preparation is hands-on physical work
Clean surfaces in preparation for work activities.
#7063 · Supplemental · 4% automatable
Spread roofing paper on surface of foundation, and spread concrete onto roofing paper with trowel to form terrazzo base.
physical manipulation — Manual spreading of concrete and aggregates
Spread concrete or other aggregate mixtures. Install roofing materials.
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How this was scored
- 1. Tasks. O*NET task statements for this occupation, from a release whose newest record is dated 08/2026.
- 2. Work activities. Each task maps to 1–5 Detailed Work Activities; each activity belongs to one of 41 Generalized Work Activities that O*NET rates for importance (1–5) in this occupation.
- 3. Automation potential. Every work activity carries one score for how far current AI can perform it end-to-end. Tasks inherit the mean of their activities.
- 4. Weighting. Task weight = 0.35 + 0.65 × (importance − 1)/4, scaled by how often the task is performed and by 0.7 for Supplemental tasks. Importance is the task's own O*NET rating where it exists (18,369 of 18,838 tasks); the rest inherit their work activities' importance. The index is the weighted mean.
Check: across the 910 occupations where O*NET also rates how far machine speed sets the pace, this index moves opposite to it (Spearman ρ = -0.49). The more a job is paced by equipment, the less of its task content AI can address — the relationship you would expect if the scoring is working.
Sources · O*NET 31.0 (task records to 08/2026) · BLS OEWS May 2025 · BLS projections 2025-2035 · rubric v2.1 · tasks for O*NET, not a forecast
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