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AI Automation Index
Will AI Replace Advanced Practice Psychiatric Nurses?
Task-level automation exposure for Advanced Practice Psychiatric Nurses: 24 O*NET tasks scored against their work activities, plus the simulator.
E-E-A-T Verified
Developed & audited by Gini Loh Automation Exposure
41%
weighted task index
24 of 24 tasks scored
Median Salary
$97,550 / year
BLS OEWS, May 2025 — this exact occupation
Employment Level
Very High
3,379,720 people hold this job — size, not growth
Projected 2025–35
+5.6%
employment change
180,800 openings a year · BLS line item
Pay by state
BLS OEWS publishes 53 state estimates for this occupation. Each is its own survey estimate, not the national median adjusted for local prices.
$39,880 – $140,270
Highest medians
California $140,270
Hawaii $136,320
Oregon $129,010
Washington $124,200
Alaska $109,480
Lowest medians
Puerto Rico $39,880
Alabama $77,080
Mississippi $77,090
South Dakota $78,060
Iowa $78,630
State figures come from the 29-1141 row in the May 2025 state panel. States where the estimate was suppressed or too small to publish are absent.
What the score is made of
Each task is mapped to its work activities, scored for AI automation potential, and weighted by how important those activities are to the job. These are the components.
Automation potential 41%
Importance-weighted mean of the scored tasks. This is the headline index.
Physical work 0%
Share of weighted tasks in hands-on or machine-operating work activities.
Judgment & influence 56%
Share in analysis, decisions, teaching, directing, advising, or caring for others.
Routine administration 6%
Share in documenting, recording, and administrative activities.
Rewritten by O*NET 0%
Share of weighted tasks O*NET rewrote in a recent update. Reported, not folded into the score.
Consequence of error 39/100
Moderate
O*NET's own rating of how serious an uncorrectable mistake would be here — respondents, not us. Deliberately not in the index: the score measures what AI can do with the task content, and multiplying it by stakes would be our judgment dressed as data.
Constituent Task Mix
24 tasks for this occupation, weighted by work-activity importance. Shares below are of total task weight, not task count.
High exposure (≥ 60% of the task is automatable) 12%
3 tasks
Medium exposure (≥ 35%) 66%
15 tasks
Low exposure (below 35%) 22%
6 tasks
How would you survive?
Move your week away from the high-exposure tasks and toward the ones that need judgment. The simulator recalculates the index as you shift the mix.
Simulate Upskilling →Emerging & rewritten tasks
Tasks O*NET added or rewrote for this occupation in its recent updates (05/2025 – 08/2026), with who proposed them. Additions are not in the scored task inventory — they are new work O*NET is still measuring, so they appear here and nowhere in the index. A Revision replaces a task that is scored, which is why only those move the "Rewritten by O*NET" share.
- New 08/2023 · Occupational Expert
Mentor nursing students.
Constituent Tasks
#17331 · Core · 45% automatable
Assess patients' mental and physical status, based on the presenting symptoms and complaints.
decision support — Functional assessment aided by data, exam human
Evaluate patient functioning, capabilities, or health.
#17334 · Core · 42% automatable
Diagnose psychiatric disorders and mental health conditions.
decision support — AI suggests differentials; clinician examines and owns diagnosis
Diagnose medical conditions.
#17329 · Core · 62% automatable
Document patients' medical and psychological histories, physical assessment results, diagnoses, treatment plans, prescriptions, or outcomes.
interpersonal — Patient history requires live elicitation and judgment
Record patient medical histories.
#17327 · Core · 40% automatable
Educate patients and family members about mental health and medical conditions, preventive health measures, medications, or treatment plans.
interpersonal — Results delivery needs empathy and clinical judgment
Explain medical procedures or test results to patients or family members.
#17319 · Core · 22% automatable
Write prescriptions for psychotropic medications as allowed by state regulations and collaborative practice agreements.
decision support — Prescribing medications is licensed high-stakes judgment
Prescribe medications.
#17326 · Core · 35% automatable
Monitor patients' medication usage and results.
decision support — AI aids chart review; clinical observation of patient is human
Monitor patient progress or responses to treatments.
#17324 · Core · 55% automatable
Evaluate patients' behavior to formulate diagnoses or assess treatments.
decision support — Treatment goals need clinical accountability and context
Analyze patient data to determine patient needs or treatment goals.
#17328 · Core · 49% automatable
Distinguish between physiologically- and psychologically-based disorders, and diagnose appropriately.
decision support — Treatment goals need clinical accountability and context
Analyze patient data to determine patient needs or treatment goals. Diagnose medical conditions.
#17325 · Core · 38% automatable
Develop and implement treatment plans.
decision support — Medical plans need exam, liability, and clinical judgment
Develop medical treatment plans.
#17335 · Core · 15% automatable
Conduct individual, group, or family psychotherapy for those with chronic or acute mental disorders.
interpersonal — Psychological therapy requires live human therapeutic presence
Treat patients using psychological therapies.
#17313 · Core · 75% automatable
Participate in activities aimed at professional growth and development, including conferences or continuing education activities.
information retrieval — AI summarizes medical updates; human retains judgment
Maintain medical or professional knowledge.
#17332 · Core · 40% automatable
Collaborate with interdisciplinary team members, including psychiatrists, psychologists, or nursing staff, to develop, implement, or evaluate treatment plans.
interpersonal — Treatment planning collaboration is accountable clinical work
Collaborate with healthcare professionals to plan or provide treatment.
#17330 · Core · 40% automatable
Consult with psychiatrists or other professionals when unusual or complex cases are encountered.
interpersonal — Treatment planning collaboration is accountable clinical work
Collaborate with healthcare professionals to plan or provide treatment.
#17320 · Core · 55% automatable
Refer patients requiring more specialized or complex treatment to psychiatrists, primary care physicians, or other medical specialists.
decision support — Clinical referral judgment needs licensed human accountability
Refer patients to other healthcare practitioners or health resources.
#17322 · Core · 40% automatable
Participate in treatment team conferences regarding diagnosis or treatment of difficult cases.
interpersonal — Treatment planning collaboration is accountable clinical work
Collaborate with healthcare professionals to plan or provide treatment.
#17323 · Core · 58% automatable
Interpret diagnostic or laboratory tests, such as electrocardiograms (EKGs) and renal functioning tests.
visual inspection — Image interpretation assists; radiologist owns diagnosis
Analyze test data or images to inform diagnosis or treatment.
#17316 · Core · 55% automatable
Develop practice protocols for mental health problems, based on review and evaluation of published research.
text generation — AI drafts nursing policies; clinical board approves
Establish nursing policies or standards.
#17321 · Core · 12% automatable
Provide routine physical health screenings to detect or monitor problems such as heart disease and diabetes.
visual inspection — Patient physical assessment is hands-on clinical work
Examine patients to assess general physical condition.
#17333 · Core · 4% automatable
Administer medications, including those administered by injection.
physical manipulation — IV medication administration is skilled manual procedure
Administer intravenous medications.
#17317 · Core · 48% automatable
Develop, implement, or evaluate programs such as outreach activities, community mental health programs, and crisis situation response activities.
decision support — Drafts health program design; implementation and buy-in human
Design public or employee health programs.
#17315 · Supplemental · 70% automatable
Monitor the use and status of medical and pharmaceutical supplies.
data analysis — Medical supply inventory records and thresholds automatable
Maintain inventory of medical supplies or equipment.
#17318 · Supplemental · 8% automatable
Treat patients for routine physical health problems.
physical manipulation — Basic health care treatments are hands-on patient work
Administer basic health care or medical treatments.
#17314 · Supplemental · 9% automatable
Direct or provide home health services.
situated mobility — Physical home visits require human presence
Provide basic health care services. Visit individuals in their homes to provide support or information.
#17312 · Supplemental · 42% automatable
Teach classes in mental health topics, such as stress reduction.
interpersonal — Health class content aided, facilitation human
Teach health management classes.
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How this was scored
- 1. Tasks. O*NET task statements for this occupation, from a release whose newest record is dated 08/2026.
- 2. Work activities. Each task maps to 1–5 Detailed Work Activities; each activity belongs to one of 41 Generalized Work Activities that O*NET rates for importance (1–5) in this occupation.
- 3. Automation potential. Every work activity carries one score for how far current AI can perform it end-to-end. Tasks inherit the mean of their activities.
- 4. Weighting. Task weight = 0.35 + 0.65 × (importance − 1)/4, scaled by how often the task is performed and by 0.7 for Supplemental tasks. Importance is the task's own O*NET rating where it exists (18,369 of 18,838 tasks); the rest inherit their work activities' importance. The index is the weighted mean.
Check: across the 910 occupations where O*NET also rates how far machine speed sets the pace, this index moves opposite to it (Spearman ρ = -0.49). The more a job is paced by equipment, the less of its task content AI can address — the relationship you would expect if the scoring is working.
Sources · O*NET 31.0 (task records to 08/2026) · BLS OEWS May 2025 · BLS projections 2025-2035 · rubric v2.1 · tasks for O*NET, not a forecast
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