Gini Loh System Tools

AI Automation Index

Will AI Replace Occupational Therapy Assistants?

Task-level automation exposure for Occupational Therapy Assistants: 22 O*NET tasks scored against their work activities, plus the simulator.

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Developed & audited by Gini Loh

Automation Exposure

31% weighted task index

22 of 22 tasks scored

Median Salary

$72,300 / year

BLS OEWS, May 2025 — this exact occupation

Employment Level

Medium

51,290 people hold this job — size, not growth

Projected 2025–35

+21.5% employment change

8,100 openings a year · BLS line item

Pay by state

BLS OEWS publishes 50 state estimates for this occupation. Each is its own survey estimate, not the national median adjusted for local prices.

$53,530 – $82,010

Highest medians

Maryland $82,010
California $81,770
Texas $81,500
Nevada $79,510
Arkansas $78,940

Lowest medians

Alaska $53,530
South Dakota $56,180
Wisconsin $59,960
West Virginia $60,370
North Dakota $60,970

State figures come from the 31-2011 row in the May 2025 state panel. States where the estimate was suppressed or too small to publish are absent.

What the score is made of

Each task is mapped to its work activities, scored for AI automation potential, and weighted by how important those activities are to the job. These are the components.

Automation potential 31%

Importance-weighted mean of the scored tasks. This is the headline index.

Physical work 14%

Share of weighted tasks in hands-on or machine-operating work activities.

Judgment & influence 46%

Share in analysis, decisions, teaching, directing, advising, or caring for others.

Routine administration 14%

Share in documenting, recording, and administrative activities.

Rewritten by O*NET 0%

Share of weighted tasks O*NET rewrote in a recent update. Reported, not folded into the score.

Consequence of error 19/100 Low

O*NET's own rating of how serious an uncorrectable mistake would be here — respondents, not us. Deliberately not in the index: the score measures what AI can do with the task content, and multiplying it by stakes would be our judgment dressed as data.

Constituent Task Mix

22 tasks for this occupation, weighted by work-activity importance. Shares below are of total task weight, not task count.

High exposure (≥ 60% of the task is automatable) 9%

2 tasks

Medium exposure (≥ 35%) 27%

6 tasks

Low exposure (below 35%) 64%

14 tasks

How would you survive?

Move your week away from the high-exposure tasks and toward the ones that need judgment. The simulator recalculates the index as you shift the mix.

Simulate Upskilling →

Constituent Tasks

#4258 · Core · 29% automatable

Instruct, or assist in instructing, patients and families in home programs, basic living skills, or the care and use of adaptive equipment.

interpersonal — Hands-on adaptive skill teaching with real people

Teach basic living or other adaptive skills to patients or caregivers. Teach medical procedures or medical equipment use to patients.
#4255 · Core · 18% automatable

Maintain and promote a positive attitude toward clients and their treatment programs.

interpersonal — Live emotional encouragement of patients is human presence

Encourage patients during therapeutic activities.
#4262 · Core · 60% automatable

Report to supervisors, verbally or in writing, on patients' progress, attitudes, and behavior.

text generation — Draft medical reports from structured findings

Prepare medical reports or documents. Communicate patient status to other health practitioners.
#4261 · Core · 20% automatable

Implement, or assist occupational therapists with implementing, treatment plans designed to help clients function independently.

interpersonal — Implementing therapy programs is hands-on clinical work

Implement therapeutic programs to improve patient functioning.
#4256 · Core · 27% automatable

Monitor patients' performance in therapy activities, providing encouragement.

decision support — AI aids chart review; clinical observation of patient is human

Monitor patient progress or responses to treatments. Encourage patients during therapeutic activities.
#4254 · Core · 59% automatable

Observe and record patients' progress, attitudes, and behavior and maintain this information in client records.

data analysis — Maintain records; human owns clinical accuracy

Monitor patient progress or responses to treatments. Record vital statistics or other health information. Maintain medical records.
#4257 · Core · 42% automatable

Select therapy activities to fit patients' needs and capabilities.

decision support — Clinical therapy design needs licensed judgment and patient context

Develop patient therapy programs.
#18700 · Core · 18% automatable

Attend continuing education classes.

interpersonal — Attending educational events is a human presence act

Attend educational events to update medical knowledge.
#4260 · Core · 6% automatable

Aid patients in dressing and grooming themselves.

physical manipulation — Hands-on patient daily activity assistance

Assist patients with daily activities.
#4259 · Core · 30% automatable

Evaluate the daily living skills or capacities of clients with physical, developmental, or mental health disabilities.

interpersonal — Administering screening tests needs live patient interaction

Administer screening tests to determine abilities or treatment needs.
#18699 · Core · 42% automatable

Communicate and collaborate with other healthcare professionals involved with the care of a patient.

interpersonal — Care planning conferral is collaborative clinical judgment

Confer with other professionals to plan patient care.
#4264 · Core · 20% automatable

Work under the direction of occupational therapists to plan, implement, or administer educational, vocational, or recreational programs that restore or enhance performance in individuals with functional impairments.

interpersonal — Implementing therapy programs is hands-on clinical work

Implement therapeutic programs to improve patient functioning.
#4263 · Core · 42% automatable

Alter treatment programs to obtain better results if treatment is not having the intended effect.

decision support — Clinical therapy design needs licensed judgment and patient context

Develop patient therapy programs.
#4266 · Core · 11% automatable

Assemble, clean, or maintain equipment or materials for patient use.

physical manipulation — Hands-on instrument preparation and sterilization

Clean medical equipment. Prepare medical instruments or equipment for use. Maintain medical equipment or instruments.
#4269 · Core · 4% automatable

Transport patients to and from the occupational therapy work area.

physical manipulation — Moving patients requires hands-on body handling

Move patients to or from treatment areas.
#4265 · Core · 10% automatable

Design, fabricate, or repair assistive devices or make adaptive changes to equipment or environments.

physical manipulation — Fabricating assistive devices requires hands-on craft

Make patient-assistive devices or device models.
#18701 · Core · 42% automatable

Attend care plan meetings to review patient progress and update care plans.

interpersonal — Care planning conferral is collaborative clinical judgment

Confer with other professionals to plan patient care.
#4270 · Core · 30% automatable

Demonstrate therapy techniques, such as manual or creative arts or games.

interpersonal — Medical procedure teaching is hands-on clinical instruction

Teach medical procedures to healthcare personnel.
#4267 · Core · 30% automatable

Teach patients how to deal constructively with their emotions.

interpersonal — Hands-on adaptive skill teaching with real people

Teach basic living or other adaptive skills to patients or caregivers.
#4271 · Core · 55% automatable

Order any needed educational or treatment supplies.

data analysis — Records trackable; physical verification of medical stock human

Inventory medical supplies or equipment.
#4268 · Core · 65% automatable

Perform clerical duties, such as scheduling appointments, collecting data, or documenting health insurance billings.

data analysis — Medical billing coded and processed; human audits denials

Schedule patient procedures or appointments. Perform clerical work in medical settings. Process medical billing information.
#4272 · Supplemental · 30% automatable

Assist educational specialists or clinical psychologists in administering situational or diagnostic tests to measure client's abilities or progress.

interpersonal — Administering screening tests needs live patient interaction

Administer screening tests to determine abilities or treatment needs.
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Community Sentiment

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Method

How this was scored

  1. 1. Tasks. O*NET task statements for this occupation, from a release whose newest record is dated 08/2026.
  2. 2. Work activities. Each task maps to 1–5 Detailed Work Activities; each activity belongs to one of 41 Generalized Work Activities that O*NET rates for importance (1–5) in this occupation.
  3. 3. Automation potential. Every work activity carries one score for how far current AI can perform it end-to-end. Tasks inherit the mean of their activities.
  4. 4. Weighting. Task weight = 0.35 + 0.65 × (importance − 1)/4, scaled by how often the task is performed and by 0.7 for Supplemental tasks. Importance is the task's own O*NET rating where it exists (18,369 of 18,838 tasks); the rest inherit their work activities' importance. The index is the weighted mean.

Check: across the 910 occupations where O*NET also rates how far machine speed sets the pace, this index moves opposite to it (Spearman ρ = -0.49). The more a job is paced by equipment, the less of its task content AI can address — the relationship you would expect if the scoring is working.

Sources · O*NET 31.0 (task records to 08/2026) · BLS OEWS May 2025 · BLS projections 2025-2035 · rubric v2.1 · tasks for O*NET, not a forecast

See the full method →

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