Gini Loh System Tools

AI Automation Index

Will AI Replace Biochemists and Biophysicists?

Task-level automation exposure for Biochemists and Biophysicists: 24 O*NET tasks scored against their work activities, plus the simulator.

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Developed & audited by Gini Loh

Automation Exposure

43% weighted task index

24 of 24 tasks scored

Median Salary

$127,410 / year

BLS OEWS, May 2025 — this exact occupation

Employment Level

Medium

33,830 people hold this job — size, not growth

Projected 2025–35

+12.3% employment change

2,900 openings a year · BLS line item

Pay by state

BLS OEWS publishes 36 state estimates for this occupation. Each is its own survey estimate, not the national median adjusted for local prices.

$48,510 – $157,390

Highest medians

Florida $157,390
California $139,580
Tennessee $134,560
Pennsylvania $134,090
Connecticut $132,670

Lowest medians

Alabama $48,510
Puerto Rico $64,140
Nebraska $66,910
Oklahoma $69,130
Nevada $69,220

State figures come from the 19-1021 row in the May 2025 state panel. States where the estimate was suppressed or too small to publish are absent.

What the score is made of

Each task is mapped to its work activities, scored for AI automation potential, and weighted by how important those activities are to the job. These are the components.

Automation potential 43%

Importance-weighted mean of the scored tasks. This is the headline index.

Physical work 10%

Share of weighted tasks in hands-on or machine-operating work activities.

Judgment & influence 33%

Share in analysis, decisions, teaching, directing, advising, or caring for others.

Routine administration 14%

Share in documenting, recording, and administrative activities.

Rewritten by O*NET 0%

Share of weighted tasks O*NET rewrote in a recent update. Reported, not folded into the score.

Consequence of error 26/100 Moderate

O*NET's own rating of how serious an uncorrectable mistake would be here — respondents, not us. Deliberately not in the index: the score measures what AI can do with the task content, and multiplying it by stakes would be our judgment dressed as data.

Constituent Task Mix

24 tasks for this occupation, weighted by work-activity importance. Shares below are of total task weight, not task count.

High exposure (≥ 60% of the task is automatable) 9%

2 tasks

Medium exposure (≥ 35%) 75%

18 tasks

Low exposure (below 35%) 15%

4 tasks

How would you survive?

Move your week away from the high-exposure tasks and toward the ones that need judgment. The simulator recalculates the index as you shift the mix.

Simulate Upskilling →

Emerging & rewritten tasks

Tasks O*NET added or rewrote for this occupation in its recent updates (05/2025 – 08/2026), with who proposed them. Additions are not in the scored task inventory — they are new work O*NET is still measuring, so they appear here and nowhere in the index. A Revision replaces a task that is scored, which is why only those move the "Rewritten by O*NET" share.

  • New 08/2020 · Occupational Expert

    Analyze biochemical or biophysical data.

Constituent Tasks

#12932 · Core · 72% automatable

Share research findings by writing scientific articles or by making presentations at scientific conferences.

text generation — Reports drafted; presentations need human delivery

Prepare scientific or technical reports or presentations.
#12948 · Core · 55% automatable

Teach or advise undergraduate or graduate students or supervise their research.

text generation — Science instruction content AI-assisted; delivery human

Instruct college students in physical or life sciences.
#12944 · Core · 42% automatable

Study physical principles of living cells or organisms and their electrical or mechanical energy, applying methods and knowledge of mathematics, physics, chemistry, or biology.

data analysis — Analysis aided; bench experiments need human hands

Research microbiological or chemical processes or structures.
#12931 · Core · 32% automatable

Manage laboratory teams or monitor the quality of a team's work.

interpersonal — Technical supervision requires judgment and accountability

Supervise scientific or technical personnel.
#12930 · Core · 45% automatable

Develop new methods to study the mechanisms of biological processes.

decision support — Biological methods need lab expertise and validation

Develop biological research methods.
#21168 · Core · 55% automatable

Write grant proposals to obtain funding for research.

text generation — Draft grant text; human owns strategy and budget

Write grant proposals.
#12947 · Core · 55% automatable

Design or perform experiments with equipment, such as lasers, accelerators, or mass spectrometers.

decision support — Study designs aided; scientific accountability human

Design research studies to obtain scientific information.
#12938 · Core · 35% automatable

Determine the three-dimensional structure of biological macromolecules.

physical manipulation — Biological sample analysis needs wet-lab execution

Analyze biological samples.
#12951 · Core · 8% automatable

Design or build laboratory equipment needed for special research projects.

physical manipulation — Physical lab equipment setup

Set up laboratory or field equipment.
#12929 · Core · 72% automatable

Prepare reports or recommendations, based upon research outcomes.

text generation — Reports drafted; presentations need human delivery

Prepare scientific or technical reports or presentations.
#12936 · Core · 42% automatable

Study spatial configurations of submicroscopic molecules, such as proteins, using x-rays or electron microscopes.

data analysis — Analysis aided; bench experiments need human hands

Research microbiological or chemical processes or structures.
#12937 · Core · 42% automatable

Study the chemistry of living processes, such as cell development, breathing and digestion, or living energy changes, such as growth, aging, or death.

data analysis — Analysis aided; bench experiments need human hands

Research microbiological or chemical processes or structures.
#12935 · Core · 45% automatable

Study the mutations in organisms that lead to cancer or other diseases.

data analysis — Literature and data aided; lab work human

Research diseases or parasites.
#12940 · Core · 42% automatable

Research the chemical effects of substances, such as drugs, serums, hormones, or food, on tissues or vital processes.

data analysis — Analysis aided; bench experiments need human hands

Research microbiological or chemical processes or structures.
#12949 · Core · 42% automatable

Research transformations of substances in cells, using atomic isotopes.

data analysis — Analysis aided; bench experiments need human hands

Research microbiological or chemical processes or structures.
#12933 · Core · 45% automatable

Develop or execute tests to detect diseases, genetic disorders, or other abnormalities.

data analysis — Literature and data aided; lab work human

Research diseases or parasites. Develop biological research methods.
#12934 · Core · 50% automatable

Develop or test new drugs or medications intended for commercial distribution.

decision support — AI aids product development; prototyping and testing human

Develop new or advanced products or production methods.
#12946 · Core · 35% automatable

Isolate, analyze, or synthesize vitamins, hormones, allergens, minerals, or enzymes and determine their effects on body functions.

physical manipulation — Biological sample analysis needs wet-lab execution

Analyze biological samples.
#12950 · Core · 42% automatable

Examine the molecular or chemical aspects of immune system functioning.

data analysis — Analysis aided; bench experiments need human hands

Research microbiological or chemical processes or structures.
#12941 · Core · 45% automatable

Research how characteristics of plants or animals are carried through successive generations.

data analysis — Bioinformatics aided; wet-lab work human

Research genetic characteristics or expression.
#12939 · Supplemental · 8% automatable

Prepare pharmaceutical compounds for commercial distribution.

physical manipulation — Physical solution preparation

Prepare compounds or solutions for products or testing.
#12942 · Supplemental · 38% automatable

Develop methods to process, store, or use foods, drugs, or chemical compounds.

data analysis — Formulation analysis aided; bench trials human

Research methods to improve food products.
#12943 · Supplemental · 45% automatable

Investigate the nature, composition, or expression of genes or research how genetic engineering can impact these processes.

data analysis — Bioinformatics aided; wet-lab work human

Research genetic characteristics or expression.
#12945 · Supplemental · 8% automatable

Produce pharmaceutically or industrially useful proteins, using recombinant DNA technology.

physical manipulation — Physical solution preparation

Prepare compounds or solutions for products or testing.
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Method

How this was scored

  1. 1. Tasks. O*NET task statements for this occupation, from a release whose newest record is dated 08/2026.
  2. 2. Work activities. Each task maps to 1–5 Detailed Work Activities; each activity belongs to one of 41 Generalized Work Activities that O*NET rates for importance (1–5) in this occupation.
  3. 3. Automation potential. Every work activity carries one score for how far current AI can perform it end-to-end. Tasks inherit the mean of their activities.
  4. 4. Weighting. Task weight = 0.35 + 0.65 × (importance − 1)/4, scaled by how often the task is performed and by 0.7 for Supplemental tasks. Importance is the task's own O*NET rating where it exists (18,369 of 18,838 tasks); the rest inherit their work activities' importance. The index is the weighted mean.

Check: across the 910 occupations where O*NET also rates how far machine speed sets the pace, this index moves opposite to it (Spearman ρ = -0.49). The more a job is paced by equipment, the less of its task content AI can address — the relationship you would expect if the scoring is working.

Sources · O*NET 31.0 (task records to 08/2026) · BLS OEWS May 2025 · BLS projections 2025-2035 · rubric v2.1 · tasks for O*NET, not a forecast

See the full method →

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